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杂乱无章

*The explanations on this page are generated by AI. Please note that they may contain inaccurate information.

1. Basic Information

  • Pinyin: zá luàn wú zhāng
  • English Translation: Disorganized and without order (incoherent)
  • Idiom Composition: 「杂」（Mixed or miscellaneous）＋「乱」（Disordered or chaotic）＋「无」（Without or lacking）＋「章」（Order, rules, or systematic structure）
  • Meaning: A state where things are mixed together in complete disorder, lacking any sequence or system. It is frequently used to criticize not only physical clutter but also incoherent speech, writing, or thought processes that lack logical structure.

2. Detailed Meaning and Nuances

「杂乱无章」 contains the following nuances:

  • Emphasis on Lack of System: The idiom emphasizes the absence of 章 (zhāng), which refers to rules, systems, or '章法' (zhāngfǎ). It suggests that the chaos is not just accidental but stems from a lack of any guiding principle.
  • Application to Abstract Concepts: While it can describe a messy room, it is most frequently applied to abstract structures like arguments, literary compositions, or administrative systems where order is expected.
  • Derogatory Nuance: This is a derogatory term used to criticize inefficiency, lack of logic, or poor management. It implies that the subject is failing to meet a standard of order.

3. Usage

「杂乱无章」 is mainly used in the following contexts:

  • Physical Environment: Describes rooms, desks, or urban layouts that are messy and poorly organized.
    • Example:「他的办公桌上堆满了文件，杂乱无章，找个东西都要半天。」
      （His desk is piled high with documents and is disorganized and messy; it takes him half a day just to find something.）
  • Thoughts, Speech, or Writing: Refers to a lack of logical flow or structure, making it difficult to understand the main point.
    • Example:「这篇报告写得杂乱无章，根本看不出重点在哪里。」
      （This report is written in such a disorganized and incoherent manner that it is impossible to see where the main point is.）
  • Management and Procedures: Used to criticize a lack of planning or systematic workflow.
    • Example:「如果没有明确的计划，我们的工作就会变得杂乱无章。」
      （Without a clear plan, our work will become disorganized and chaotic.）

Additional Examples:

  1. 仓库里的货物摆放得杂乱无章，盘点起来非常困难。
    （The goods in the warehouse are placed in a disorganized manner, making it very difficult to take inventory.）
  2. 由于缺乏统一指挥，现场的救援行动显得有些杂乱无章。
    （Due to the lack of a unified command, the rescue operations on-site appeared somewhat disorganized.）
  3. 他脑子里杂乱无章，一时想不出解决办法。
    （His mind was in a state of chaos, and he couldn't think of a solution right away.）
  4. 这种杂乱无章的生活方式对健康很不利。
    （This kind of disorganized and undisciplined lifestyle is very bad for one's health.）

4. Cultural Background and Notes

  • Origin: This idiom originates from the Tang Dynasty scholar Han Yu (韩愈) in his work Proem to Sending off Meng Dongye (送孟东野序), where he wrote: '其为言也，杂乱而无章' (His words were disorganized and lacked order). Originally used to describe speech, its usage has expanded to physical and systemic disorder.
  • Comparison with 乱七八糟 (luàn qī bā zāo): While both mean 'messy,' 乱七八糟 (luàn qī bā zāo) is highly colloquial and often expresses emotional frustration or disgust. In contrast, 杂乱无章 (zá luàn wú zhāng) is more formal and descriptive, focusing on the intellectual or structural failure of the organization.

5. Similar and Opposite Idioms

6. Summary

杂乱无章 (zá luàn wú zhāng) is a formal idiom used to describe a lack of system or logic. While it can describe physical messiness, it is most commonly used to critique disorganized writing, thinking, or organizational management. It carries a more objective and formal tone than the colloquial 乱七八糟 (luàn qī bā zāo), focusing specifically on the absence of an underlying '章' (zhāng)—meaning a rule or system.

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