如饥似渴

1. Basic Information

• Pinyin: rú jī sì kě
• English Translation: As if hungry or thirsty (thirsting for knowledge)
• Idiom Composition: 「如」（Like or as if）＋「饥」（Hungry or starving）＋「似」（Similar to or like）＋「渴」（Thirsty）
• Meaning: To crave something intensely, as if one were starving for food or parched for water. It is most commonly used to describe a voracious appetite for knowledge, learning, or information.

2. Detailed Meaning and Nuances

「如饥似渴」 contains the following nuances:

• Urgent Desire: This idiom emphasizes that the desire is not just a simple 'want' but a deep, irrepressible need comparable to the basic human instincts for survival.
• Abstract Application: This idiom is not used for literal food or drink. It is reserved for abstract concepts like knowledge, truth, or a long-awaited reunion with a person.

3. Usage

「如饥似渴」 is mainly used in the following contexts:

• Learning and Knowledge Acquisition: The most common usage, praising a person's enthusiastic attitude toward absorbing new knowledge or skills.
  • Example:「考入大学后，他每天都在图书馆里如饥似渴地阅读各种书籍。」
    （After entering university, he spent every day in the library thirsting for knowledge as he read various books.）
• Longing for a Desired Outcome: Used to express an impatient or desperate longing for information, news, or a specific person.
  • Example:「球迷们如饥似渴地等待着世界杯决赛的开始。」
    （The fans are eagerly waiting for the World Cup final to begin.）

Additional Examples:

1. 孩子们如饥似渴地听着老师讲的故事。
   （The children listened to the teacher's story with rapt attention, as if they couldn't get enough.）
2. 贫困山区的孩子对知识有着如饥似渴的追求。
   （Children in poor mountain areas have an insatiable pursuit of knowledge.）
3. 这位年轻的钢琴家如饥似渴地向大师请教演奏技巧。
   （The young pianist is eagerly seeking advice on performance techniques from the master.）
4. 观众们如饥似渴地想要了解这部电影的幕后花絮。
   （The audience is dying to know the behind-the-scenes stories of this movie.）

4. Cultural Background and Notes

• Origin: This phrase originates from a piece titled Zeqiong (责躬) by the Three Kingdoms period poet Cao Zhi (曹植). He used the phrase 如渴如饥 (rú kě rú jī) to express his desperate loyalty and desire to see the Emperor.
• Modern Evaluation: In contemporary Chinese, 如饥似渴 (rú jī sì kě) is a very positive expression. It is often used to praise a student's 'thirst for knowledge' or 'ambition,' conveying a much stronger sense of passion and urgency than simply saying someone is 'studious.'

5. Similar and Opposite Idioms

• Similar Idioms:
  • 迫不及待 (pò bù jí dài): Too impatient to wait; in a desperate hurry.link
  • 手不释卷 (shǒu bù shì juàn): To be so engrossed in reading that one cannot put the book down.
  • 废寝忘食 (fèi qǐn wàng shí): To neglect sleep and forget to eat due to being engrossed in work or study.link
  • 如醉如痴 (rú zuì rú chī): To be enchanted or infatuated, as if drunk or obsessed.link
• Opposite Idioms:
  • 弃若敝屣 (qì ruò bì xǐ): To cast something away like a worn-out shoe; to treat something as worthless.
  • 无动于衷 (wú dòng yú zhōng): Completely indifferent; unmoved and showing no interest.
  • 不屑一顾 (bù xiè yī gù): To disdain to cast a glance; to think something not worth seeing.link
  • 得过且过 (dé guò qiě guò): To muddle through, taking one day at a time without much thought for the future.link

6. Summary

如饥似渴 (rú jī sì kě) is an idiom used to describe an intense, almost physiological craving for something, typically abstract. While the literal image is one of physical hunger and thirst, in modern Chinese, it is a high compliment for someone's dedication to learning. It suggests a proactive and insatiable desire to absorb new skills or information, rather than a literal need for food.